聚氨酯(zhi)油(you)封由(you)異qin酸酯(zhi)(單體(ti))與羥基(ji)(ji)化合物聚合而成。由(you)于含(han)強極(ji)性(xing)(xing)的(de)氨基(ji)(ji)甲酸酯(zhi)基(ji)(ji),不(bu)溶(rong)于非極(ji)性(xing)(xing)基(ji)(ji)團,聚氨酯(zhi)油(you)封具有良(liang)好的(de)耐油(you)性(xing)(xing)、韌性(xing)(xing)、耐磨性(xing)(xing)、耐老(lao)化性(xing)(xing)和粘合性(xing)(xing)。聚氨酯(zhi)油(you)封用不(bu)同(tong)原料可制得適應較寬溫(wen)度(du)范圍(-50~150℃)的(de)材料,包括彈性(xing)(xing)體(ti)、熱塑性(xing)(xing)樹脂和熱固性(xing)(xing)樹脂。高(gao)溫(wen)下不(bu)耐水解,亦不(bu)耐堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)介質。
聚合(he)方法隨材(cai)料(liao)性(xing)質而(er)不同。合(he)成(cheng)彈(dan)性(xing)體(ti)(ti)時先制備低分子(zi)(zi)量二(er)元醇(chun),再(zai)(zai)與過(guo)量芳(fang)族異(yi)(yi)qin酸酯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)反(fan)(fan)應,生成(cheng)異(yi)(yi)qin酸酯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為端基的(de)預聚物,再(zai)(zai)同丁er醇(chun)擴(kuo)鏈(lian),得(de)到(dao)熱塑(su)彈(dan)性(xing)體(ti)(ti);若用(yong)芳(fang)族二(er)胺(an)擴(kuo)鏈(lian)并進一(yi)步交(jiao)聯,聚氨酯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)油(you)封得(de)到(dao)澆鑄型彈(dan)性(xing)體(ti)(ti)。預聚物用(yong)肼或二(er)元胺(an)擴(kuo)鏈(lian),得(de)到(dao)彈(dan)性(xing)纖維(wei);異(yi)(yi)qin酸酯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)量較多的(de)預聚體(ti)(ti)與催化劑、發泡(pao)劑混(hun)合(he),可直接得(de)到(dao)硬質泡(pao)沫(mo)塑(su)料(liao)。如將單(dan)(dan)體(ti)(ti)、聚醚(mi)、水、催化劑等混(hun)合(he),一(yi)步反(fan)(fan)應即可得(de)到(dao)軟質泡(pao)沫(mo)塑(su)料(liao)。單(dan)(dan)體(ti)(ti)與多元醇(chun)在(zai)溶液(ye)中反(fan)(fan)應,可得(de)到(dao)涂料(liao);膠粘劑則以(yi)多異(yi)(yi)qin酸酯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)單(dan)(dan)體(ti)(ti)和低分子(zi)(zi)量聚酯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或聚醚(mi)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)時混(hun)合(he)并進行反(fan)(fan)應。
安(an)裝骨架油(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)時,為防止油(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)唇121被(bei)拉伸變形或(huo)刮(gua)擦損壞,須采用(yong)(yong)安(an)裝工(gong)具(ju)。若(ruo)無此工(gong)具(ju),可用(yong)(yong)下法進行安(an)裝:先在(zai)軸(zhou)(zhou)頸乃至(zhi)軸(zhou)(zhou)頭(tou)部(bu)位(wei),卷(juan)上一(yi)層透明(ming)的(de)硬塑料膜(mo)(俗稱玻璃紙),在(zai)其表(biao)面(mian)抹上少許機油(you)(you)(you),將(jiang)(jiang)油(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)套進裹著塑料膜(mo)的(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)頭(tou),均勻用(yong)(yong)力將(jiang)(jiang)油(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)慢慢推(tui)壓(ya)至(zhi)軸(zhou)(zhou)頸,然后將(jiang)(jiang)塑料膜(mo)抽出。注意:不可將(jiang)(jiang)唇口的(de)方(fang)向裝錯,應使(shi)其朝向貯有油(you)(you)(you)液的(de)內(nei)側(ce),有商(shang)標、規(gui)格的(de)一(yi)面(mian)朝向外側(ce)。因為唇1:3只能單向密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng),若(ruo)油(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝反,勢必造(zao)成油(you)(you)(you)液滲漏,密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)作用(yong)(yong)減弱或(huo)失效。要避免(mian)將(jiang)(jiang)油(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝歪或(huo)用(yong)(yong)錘棒等工(gong)具(ju)在(zai)油(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)表(biao)面(mian)亂敲猛(meng)打,否(fou)則容易使(shi)油(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)造(zao)成傷損。
油封的功能用途:
發(fa)動(dong)機(ji):曲軸(zhou)(zhou)--曲軸(zhou)(zhou)前(qian)(qian)(qian),后(hou)(hou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)氣(qi)門(men)--氣(qi)門(men)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)修(xiu)理包o型圈(quan))(分(fen)電器(qi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng),水泵(beng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng),平衡軸(zhou)(zhou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng),機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)...);凸輪(lun)軸(zhou)(zhou)--凸輪(lun)軸(zhou)(zhou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng);變(bian)速器(qi):變(bian)速器(qi)--變(bian)速器(qi)前(qian)(qian)(qian),后(hou)(hou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)換(huan)檔桿(gan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(變(bian)速器(qi)修(xiu)理包o型圈(quan))(分(fen)動(dong)器(qi)--分(fen)動(dong)器(qi)前(qian)(qian)(qian),后(hou)(hou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng));后(hou)(hou)橋:半軸(zhou)(zhou)--后(hou)(hou)半軸(zhou)(zhou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)差速器(qi)--(前(qian)(qian)(qian))后(hou)(hou)角(jiao)矢(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)后(hou)(hou)輪(lun)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)前(qian)(qian)(qian)輪(lun)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)方向(xiang)機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(方向(xiang)機(ji)修(xiu)理包o型圈(quan))方向(xiang)助力器(qi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(前(qian)(qian)(qian)半軸(zhou)(zhou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)).
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